dbNSFP
A comprehensive, one-stop resource for functional annotations and deleteriousness predictions of all human non-synonymous and splice-site variants — trusted by researchers and clinical platforms worldwide since 2011.
Deleteriousness predictions
36 algorithms including CADD, REVEL, AlphaMissense, popEVE, ESM1b, MutPred2, and more — covering missense and splice-site variants genome-wide.
Population allele frequencies
gnomAD v4.1 & v2.1.1, TOPMed, All of Us, RGC Million Exome, 1000 Genomes, and ALFA — with population-stratified subsets.
Evolutionary conservation
PhyloP (3 versions), phastCons (3 versions), GERP++, GERP_92_mammals, and bStatistic across multi-species alignments.
T2T-CHM13 v2.0 support
v5.3.1 adds hs1 reference genome coordinates, fully supported in the web query service and annotation program.
ClinVar Benchmark
Interactive benchmark comparing all 36 pathogenicity prediction scores in dbNSFP against ClinVar variants (2017–2025 snapshots). Explore ROC curves, AUC metrics, and per-algorithm performance across ACMG genes — updated with every dbNSFP release.
View Benchmark →- ✓ROC curves for all prediction scores
- ✓AUC & pAUC with 95% bootstrap CIs
- ✓ACMG secondary findings gene set
- ✓ClinVar snapshots 2017–2025
License
dbNSFP is free for academic and non-profit use. Commercial use requires an annual license. All users must comply with the terms of the original data sources (gnomAD, ClinVar, etc.).
Academic & Non-Profit
- Universities and research institutions
- Government and public health agencies
- Non-profit organizations
- Personal and educational use
- Publications and preprints
Commercial
- Pharmaceutical & biotech companies
- Clinical diagnostic laboratories
- Software and SaaS platforms
- Contract research organizations
- Any for-profit application of dbNSFP
Questions? Contact us at license@dbnsfp.org.
About Genos
Genos Bioinformatics LLC was founded in 2024 in Texas, USA, by two computational genomic scientists dedicated to advancing human genetics and genomics. Our mission is to build sustainable, high-quality, and user-friendly data infrastructure that supports clinical genomic practice and genetics research, benefiting both the scientific community and the broader public.
Our flagship resource, dbNSFP, has been a cornerstone of human variant annotation and interpretation since 2011. It is widely used in academic research and serves as a foundational dataset for regulatory-compliant clinical genomics platforms worldwide.
Our Founders
Dr. Xiaoming Liu
Co-Founder
Dr. Xiaoming Liu is an Associate Professor at the University of South Florida College of Public Health. He holds a Ph.D. in Human Molecular Genetics from The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX. His research focuses on developing statistical and computational methods for analyzing variants in human genomes from the perspectives of population genetics, bioinformatics, and genetic epidemiology. Dr. Liu created dbNSFP in 2011 and has since led its development into a comprehensive functional annotation database for human genetic variants.
Jin Yu
Co-Founder
Jin Yu began his career in bioinformatics at the Human Genome Sequencing Center at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston in 2009, developing NGS algorithms for the 1000 Genomes Project. Since then he has worked across academia and the biotech industry, publishing 30+ papers in NGS, genomics, bioinformatics, and statistical genetics with over 40,000 citations. At Genos, he leads QA/QC, data architecture, and new product development for dbNSFP web services and AI applications.